Documents are evidence, not a shortcut
Property documents must be read together with the seller’s identity, the physical property, the transaction history and official records. A convincing scan can still relate to another plot, contain an error, be incomplete or have been superseded.
The exact documents needed depend on the property and interest offered. This guide is educational and does not replace advice on a particular transaction.
Seller identity and capacity
Confirm who is selling and in what capacity. An individual owner, company, family, estate, attorney or developer may require different evidence of authority.
- Identity information for the relevant parties
- Company and signatory authority where a company acts
- Probate, family or representative authority where applicable
- Written agency authority where an agent is involved
Root and chain of title
Ask what right or interest the seller says they hold and how it was acquired. Examples may include allocation, conveyance or assignment documents and evidence relating to a right of occupancy. The label is less important than whether the document is genuine, applies to the property and supports the seller’s claimed interest.
- Names and dates should form an explainable chain.
- Plot, survey and layout details should agree.
- Restrictions, consents and outstanding obligations need investigation.
Survey and physical identification
Survey information helps connect paperwork to land on the ground. A suitable survey professional should assess the survey details and identify the plot when appropriate. Do not assume that a survey document alone proves ownership or freedom from government acquisition.
Planning, building and development records
For buildings or development projects, ask what approvals, plans, permits and completion records are relevant. Compare approved or described work with the actual building and intended use. A physical or technical inspection may reveal issues that title documents do not address.
Search and verify independently
Use the official and professional routes appropriate to the claimed title and property. Enugu State publishes land and housing services online, while Nigeria’s Land Use Act sets part of the national legal context. Your lawyer should decide which searches, consents and completion steps apply.
- Do not rely only on copies supplied by the seller.
- Record the source and date of every result.
- Investigate inconsistencies before signing or paying.
Sources and further reading
Continue your research
Understand Enugu Properties verification · How to buy land in Enugu